Macbeth †How Shakespeare presents the characters in Act 3 Scene 1 Essay

How do their words considerations and activities make the scene such a sensational and significant scene in the play? In most of Shakespeare’s arrangements, Act 3 typically comprises, as far as setting, the most significant scenes in the play. Macbeth is the same; Act 3 and specifically Act 3 Scene 1 is the point in the play where occasions are quickly working to a sensational and deplorable peak. In the past scenes the crowd saw the fierce death of the much adored King Duncan by Macbeth followed by the (said/referenced) murderer’s inescapable political decision as lord. In a verifiable setting, the overall population at the hour of the production’s discharge would have comprehended the centrality and earnestness of Macbeth’s activities more so than current crowds. Regicide was not just observed as an abhorrent demonstration against ruler and nation yet additionally against God. The Divine Right of King’s was broadly accepted; which expressed each ruler is chosen by God and has sole right to the seat (usurper). All the more strikingly, authentic dangers, for example, the Gunpowder Plot against the ruler at that point, King James I, made the homicide of King Duncan increasingly conceivable as well as something crowds could really identify with. Act 3 Scene 1 initiates with a denouncing speech by Banquo. He imparts to the crowd his solid allegations in regards to the way wherein Macbeth has become King Speaking hazardously of misleading and conspiracy, ‘Thou played’st most disgustingly for’t’, Shakespeare astutely adjusts Banquo with the crowd and in doing so underlines the stunning idea of King Duncan’s murder. In the speech there is likewise a reference to the witches’ forecasts for Banquo’s relatives, ‘myself ought to be the root and father of numerous lords. ‘ This line would have been of incredible enthusiasm to King James I as it recommends he is a relative of Banquo. A few pundits contend that Shakespeare composed Macbeth to compliment the new lord. The immediate connection among Banquo and King James is indicated a couple of times during the play. Add this to the reality Shakespeare adjusted Holinshed’s adaptation of occasions that were composed years sooner then you could be confused with concurring with the pundits. Shakespeare made Macbeth exclusively answerable for Duncan’s murder when really Banquo was an associate to the homicide. Glad to be in their new job, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth welcome Banquo gloriously, ‘here’s our central visitor. ‘ Shrewdly, they endeavor to cause Banquo to feel significant and very much valued, ‘If he had been overlooked, it had been a major hole in our extraordinary feast.’ However this was each of the a major demonstration, as the crowd was going to discover. I envision in this piece of the scene Lady Macbeth’s presentation would have been exceptionally great and superb as though she adored her new job. All things considered, she had at long last accomplished what she and her significant other had consistently longed for, ‘My dearest accomplice of greatness.’ Shakespeare clarifies that Macbeth is presently lord by adjusting marginally the manner by which Macbeth carries on and addresses others. He uncovered a kinder, additionally welcoming angle to his character by facilitating a dining experience, ‘Tonight we hold an incredible blowout and I’ll demand your presence.’ The action word demand is noteworthy on the grounds that it infers the invitational is discretionary, anyway I don’t accept anybody would divert down a proposal from the King as there might be not kidding outcomes. Macbeth keeps on looking into Macbeths proposed venture which makes the crowd presume that Banquo may be at serious risk. Apparently for the absolute first time in the play, we witness the wicked and cunning character of Macbeth. Shakespeare utilizes a mix of incongruity and bootlicking in his composition to conceal the reality Macbeth is entirely cross examining Banquo, ‘fail not our feast’ and ‘Ride you this afternoon’ are two instances of this. The statement ‘fail not our feast’ is unexpected on the grounds that the crowd have been discretely made mindful that Macbeth plans to have Banquo killed while he is out riding and will in this manner not return for the dining experience. Subsequent to excusing Banquo, Macbeth settles on a somewhat intense and astonishing choice to do likewise with his significant other, ‘Till dinner time alone, while then God be with you.’ I accept this to be the point in the play where the tide changes. As of not long ago, it has been Macbeth who has depended vigorously on his better half. He counseled everything with her. In any case, since he at long last has the crown upon his head, I think he feels that she has nothing left to offer. Actually this is unadulterated obliviousness on Macbeth’s part and sense this may be an impetus for his defeat - Macbeth’s hamartia. A hamartia is essentially a ‘error in judgment, a reason for a shocking hero’s (for this situation Macbeth) setback. Woman Macbeth helps his destruction, as she has pushed him to turn out to be so eager and presumptuous that he believes he will be increasingly effective without her. Nonetheless, Macbeth has different hamartias which are investigated further on. On the off chance that I was coordinating this scene, I would endeavor to get the key point over. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have quite recently been delegated lord and Queen of their cherished country. The ‘honeymoon’ period has quite recently started and the two of them totally venerate their new jobs, ‘Thou hast it now King, Cawdor, Glamis, all.’ Therefore, I would attempt to ensure this runs over to the crowd by guaranteeing the on-screen characters were dressed as needs be; regal robes and gems and so on. Likewise, the on-screen characters ought to depict an eased and happy persona to delineate the way that Macbeth and his wife’s endeavors have at long last been compensated. During Macbeth’s discourse in Act 3 Scene 1, Shakespeare uncovers the character’s real nature. Macbeth clarifies that regardless of Banquo being his closest companion, he comprehends that Banquo must be killed with the end goal for him to stay in power; ‘to be therefore is nothing, however to be securely thus.’ This concentrate would affirm the audiences’ prior considerations and emotions about Macbeth’s expectations with Banquo. It likewise demonstrates that the sympathy and earnestness he appeared towards Banquo in their last discussion was only a demonstration. Shakespeare thinks about Macbeth’s emotions about Banquo to a real occasion previously, ‘as it is said Mark Antony’s was by Caesar.’ Macbeth recognizes Banquo’s respectability yet can't resist feeling that maybe he is the Achilles heel to making him last upon the seat. Similarly as in Ancient Rome, Mark Antony was supposed to be in dread of Octavius Caesar. All through the speech you get the feeling that Macbeth has steady emotional episodes. His emotions fluctuate quickly, from dread of Banquo toward the start; ‘our fears in Banquo stick deep.’ to unadulterated contempt of Banquo toward the end, ‘No child of mine succeeding, for Banquo’s issue have I recorded my mind.’ His adjustment in character is especially perceptible when contrasted with Act 2 Scene 1. During this monologue, Macbeth has little conviction while thinking about the homicide of Duncan though now he talks unquestionably with energy and conviction. Which is alarming seen as he is going to have his nearest partner killed. As the killers show up in front of an audience, the crowd are promptly made mindful that Macbeth has just spoken with them â€Å"Was it not yesterday we talked together.† This concentrate suggests that Macbeth had been wanting to kill Banquo for some time. This is apparently the first occasion when we see a savage side of Macbeth. It demonstrates to the crowd that this homicide isn't only an impromptu thing. Shakespeare incorporates a scope of procedures when Macbeth is attempting to convince the associates to kill Banquo. Right off the bat, Macbeth attempts to legitimize the homicide by utilizing reverse brain science on the two men, â€Å"Know that it is he who held you so under fortune.† Here; Macbeth is clearly trying the murderers’ character and resolve. He has to realize how willing they are, fortunately for Macbeth they are set up to do anything in the requirements of lord and nation, â€Å"I would set my life on any chance.† Secondly, Macbeth addresses their fortitude, to which the murderers’ react self-assuredly â€Å"We are men.† One thing I can't understand is the reason Macbeth is in any event, trying to convince them. Unquestionably Macbeth has the option to arrange anybody about quit worrying about two individuals from the lower class society. After all he is the King. Notwithstanding, I think this speaks to a key part of Macbeth’s character. I think convincing the murderers’ is his method of convincing him he is making the best choice. By convincing them, he is simultaneously persuading himself that the deed is exemplary. This would recommend that Macbeth isn't unadulterated fiendishness yet rather somebody who cherishes power and is set up to successfully stay incredible. Macbeth changes drastically as a character all through the play. At first, Macbeth was tormented with regret after Duncan’s murder however after becoming aware of Banquo’s fruitful death he is thrilled. His vaulting desire was driving him to edgy measures and he couldn't hinder it. Macbeth had just taken a chance with his life to get the seat so he had no real option except to utilize Machiavellian traditions to save it. Macbeth’s vision of Banquo’ phantom at an imperial feast just cows him closer to craziness. The presence of Banquo’s apparition at the regal dinner stuns Macbeth. Shakespeare splendidly utilizes incongruity to make Banquo’s rise sensational, ‘Sweet Remembrancer! After hearing the witches’ predictions, Macbeth is released down a winding of quick disintegration that makes him become blinded by want. Unmistakably Macbeth’s objective was driven by the predictions made by the three witches; �

Learn About the Many Varieties of Quartz

Find out About the Many Varieties of Quartz Quartzâ is an old German word that initially implied something like hard or extreme. It is the most widely recognized mineral in the mainland outside layer, and the one with the least difficult synthetic recipe: silicon dioxide or SiO2. Quartz is so regular in crustal rocks that its more outstanding when quartz is absent than when its present.â The most effective method to Identify Quartz Quartz comes in numerous hues and shapes. When you begin examining minerals, however, quartz turns out to be anything but difficult to tell initially. You can remember it by these identifiers: A smooth lusterHardness 7 on the Mohs scale, scratching customary glass and a wide range of steelIt breaks into bended shards instead of level confronted cleavage pieces, which means it displays conchoidal fracture.Almost in every case clear or whiteAlmost consistently present in light-shaded rocks and in sandstonesIf found in gems, quartz consistently has a hexagonal cross-segment like that of a typical pencil. Most instances of quartz are clear, iced, or found as smooth white grains of little size that dont show precious stone countenances. Clear quartz may seem dim if its in a stone with a great deal of dim minerals. Uncommon Quartz Varieties The pretty precious stones and distinctive hues youll find in adornments and in rock shops are rare. Here are a portion of those valuable assortments: Clear, vapid quartz is called rock crystal.Translucent white quartz is called smooth quartz.Milky pink quartz is called rose quartz. Its shading is believed to be because of different polluting influences (titanium, iron, manganese) or minute considerations of other minerals.Purple quartz is called amethyst. Its shading is because of openings of missing electrons in the precious stone in mix with iron impurities.Yellow quartz is called citrine. Its shading is because of iron impurities.Green quartz is called praseolite. Iron pollutions represent its shading, too.Gray quartz is called smoky quartz. Its shading is because of gaps of missing electrons in mix with aluminum impurities.Brown smoky quartz is called cairngorm and dark smoky quartz is called morion.The Herkimer jewel is a type of regular quartz precious stone with two pointed closures. Quartz additionally happens in a microcrystalline structure called chalcedony. Together, the two minerals are additionally alluded to as silica. Where Quartz Is Found Quartz is maybe the most well-known mineral on our planet. Truth be told, one trial of a shooting star (on the off chance that you think youve saw one)â is as sure it doesnt have any quartz. Quartz is found in most geologic settings, yet it most normally frames sedimentary rocks like sandstone. This is nothing unexpected when you consider that about all the sand on Earth is made solely from grains of quartz. Under gentle warmth and weight conditions, geodes can frame in sedimentary rocks that are fixed with outsides of quartz gems kept from underground liquids. In molten rocks, quartz is the characterizing mineral of stone. At the point when granitic rocks take shape profound underground, quartz is commonly the last mineral to frame and as a rule has no space to shape precious stones. Yet, in pegmatites quartz can once in a while structure extremely huge precious stones, up to a meter. Precious stones likewise happen in veins related with aqueous (super-warmed water) movement in the shallow covering. In changeable shakes, for example, gneiss, quartz gets gathered in groups and veins. In this setting, its grains don't take their run of the mill precious stone structure. Sandstone, as well, transforms into a huge quartz rock called quartzite. Geographical Significance of Quartz Among the basic minerals, quartz is the hardest and generally inactive. It makes up the foundation of good soil, giving mechanical quality and holding open pore space between its grains. Its boss hardness and protection from disintegration are what cause sandstone and stone to persevere. In this way you could state that quartz holds up the mountains. Miners are consistently aware of veins of quartz on the grounds that these are indications of aqueous action and the chance of metal stores. To the geologist, the measure of silica in a stone is an essential and significant piece of geochemical information. Quartz is a prepared indication of high silica, for instance in rhyolite magma. Quartz is hard, stable, and low in thickness. At the point when found in wealth, quartz consistently focuses to a mainland rock on the grounds that the structural procedures that have fabricated the Earths landmasses favor quartz. As it travels through the structural pattern of disintegration, statement, subduction, and magmatism, quartz waits in the highest outside layer and consistently proves to be the best.

Use of Information Technology

Use of Information Technology Use of Information Technology/Information Systems Home›Technology Posts›Use of Information Technology/Information Systems Technology PostsIntroductionThink of the wrath of customers queuing for service either in financial institutions or elsewhere, when there is a malfunction of the information systems or think of a world without the information systems and at least one gets an idea of the extent of the use of information technology. Information technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by microelectronics- based combination of computing and telecommunications (Rainer Cegielski 2011).  A variety of functions are included in Information technology such as data management, networking, and computer hardware engineering, database and software design.The integrations of other technologies such as automobiles, televisions, use of cell phones, and more, are widening the scope of information technology. “Information technology today is not just a luxury available in some homes, schools, or offices… many aspects of our daily lives depend on high-quality information technology” (Schwalbe, 2009, p. 293). From learning in schools to producing and distributing foods and other products, and other day-to-day activities, to more complicated activities, the use of information technology cannot be underestimated.The use of information technology stretches to even most-critical systems such as navigation systems, medical equipment and security systems.    The entertainment industry is not left behind, with the uses of information technology results to the growing of the industry in riches and bounds thanks to innovative applications of information technology and systems. As information technology use becomes a critical factor and a necessity in everyday activities, my essay expounds more on these uses of information technology and systems.Use of Information Technology in businessInform ation technology is transforming the way business is done in today’s world. Information technology helps in problem solving and increases the scope of business. For instance, it has helped in increasing productivity in businesses globally. Using computer programs such as Microsoft Word, Excel and PowerPoint saves time and effort in writing documents and data information. This minimizes cost of running business and increases productivity. Clients and customer’s information including their names, contacts, social security numbers and other confidential information can be stored in a database and assign usernames and passwords for logging in to access the information. This ensures confidentiality and ease of accessibility.In production of goods and services, computer- aided manufacturing uses computer to control the machinery, increasing accuracy and speed, and also reducing labor costs. Computer-integrated manufacturing is where computers control the whole production line reducing the need for human labor to perform the routine manufacturing tasks. To reduce the need of building physical testing models, computers are used to help design products using computer generated models and 3D drawings.The internet can be used to communicate with customers, suppliers and other business players throughout the world through use of websites and email. This is known as E-commerce, which enlarges the market and the business hours are not limited. The customers also have a wide range of products and services, as well as shopping deals for new products. A good example is the official figures of Chinese online revenues in 2004, dominated by B2B e-commerce, where 40% of Chinese internet users stated to have engaged in e-commerce in previous 12 months (OECD, 2006).Organizational employees, ranging from clerical workers to the executives derive a lot of support from use of information systems. This include in bookkeeping, day-to-day operations of the organizations, assigning of tasks, placing purchase orders, short-term planning among other uses of information needed or integrated into the business, significantly changing the manner in which business is done. For instance, all these information, assist the executives in introducing new product lines, relocating operations, and acquiring other businesses (Rainer Cegielski 2011)EntertainmentInformation Technology bonding with a lot of creativity has created an elixir that has transformed the entertainment experience. It has become the means to the end as creative content is increasingly handled in digital form. The process of capturing, storing, manipulating, duplicating and delivering the content to the target audience has been simplified. (Screen, 2001)The entertainment industry has therefore been one of the greatest beneficiaries of the rise in use and application of information technology. There is simple and easy accessibility of entertainment products like movies, games, music and variety of books, es pecially through use of digital technology.For instance, according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development “China has the World’s fastest-growing online games market with estimated revenues of USD 580 million in 2005” (OECD) In addition, computer Animation and Graphics is one of latest technologies in entertainment industry. It involves delivery of continuous frames creating the illusion of motion to the viewers, which can be two dimensional (2D), or three dimensional animations (3D), in which sequences with better depth are portrayed. The use of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), peer-to-peer (P2P), downloading software and blogging has also grown rapidly of late.HealthInformation technology contributes to health sector in strategic planning to reduce costs. This is in development of continuum of care and improving the quality of service to patients and physicians. A strategic and thoughtful investment in information technology improves the ability of health care organizations to achieve desired organizational returns. For instance, information technology is used in coordination of activities in a health organization. The task performers are able to relay information fast and effectively amongst themselves. Also, bulky health records can now be easily and safely stored, and their accessibility is also made easy. This could include  patient records for referral and so on. This has made health information management an important integral part of health care organization. It is inextricably bound up with transformations in health care practices.The latest Telemedicine technology, ranging from remote patient monitoring to teleconferencing is saving a lot of money in the health sectors globally. There are also devices that capture personal health information in an electronic health IT infrastructure. These include diagnostic equipment, X-ray, MRI, monitors, etc.How Information Technology/System enhance LearningSomekh and Davis assert that learning involves “intellectual excitement and emotional commitment but it is also an ‘act’ involving practical skills.” And that use of “a variety of learning tools- including IT â€" have been an integral part of our learning.” (Somekh Davis 1997 p. 1). Use of information systems and technology has become an integral part     in learning. Some complicated problems, previously considered of higher levels can now be handled at lower stages, due to introduction of gadgets, from a simple calculator to an advanced computer. The tools used in learning are deliberate and proceeds in the full understanding of the power of the tool, its generative capacity, and demands made on the user during the learning period. Information technology helps in handling information increasing its authenticity and quality of its presentation. For example, “information-handling software can search, sort and represent information in graphs and charts, dealing with a range of media includin g pictures and sound”    (Somekh Davis 1997 p18).The use of IT tool means reduced attention to memory and calculation while speed and accuracy is increased. This gives a chance to use of creativity. For example use of spreadsheets to operate a high level of abstraction, use of computers in various ways, like, as a measuring tool, plotting graphs, etc. Initiatives based on Information Technology that allow visualization of complex phenomena, such as three-dimensional structures, broaden the range of learning styles. The needs and learning styles of individual students can be easily accommodated by the instructor by use of Information Technology. For instance, use of Just in Time Teaching (Novak, Patterson, and Gavrin cited by Hilton, 2002 p. 78)Learning, especially at the higher level, has been made accessible to many people throughout the world, by use of Information Technology. There are, today, online courses offered through the internet, and therefore one needs not to be phys ically present in a classroom setting to acquire education. The virtual learning or distance learning, has provided opportunities not only to the learners but also to the instructors, and thus a platform where knowledge is disseminated and benefitting both parties involved.Visual mimicry and manipulation through access of images of works of practitioners in the arts through virtual museums and galleries on the World Wide Web and CD ROM has been supported by IT. In addition, it gives an opportunity to reflect on the development of artistic processes by comparing its potential with other media and techniques. (McFarlane A 1997)SecurityElectronic monitoring and tracking systems by use of the global positioning systems (GPS), is also an advancement of information system and technology. This enables correctional personnel to track down offenders and as a guide to specific locations when the GPS is used in patrol cars. Information technology has also been a major part of modernization and reforming of the justice systems the world over to increase effectiveness and speed of service delivery.  It also helps to move law enforcement closer to the goal of accurate recovery of historical information and identification of culprits. This capacity of the police and other justice system agencies depends in their advancement of information technology. For instance, according to Pattavina, “the introduction of digital technology in the courts has expanded to digital evidence presentation systems.” (Pattavina   2005 p. 15). This has assisted in instant display of exhibits by the legal teams by use of DVD players, laptop computers videocassette recorders (VCRs), printers, and document cameras.In addition, the advent of the closed-caption television (CCTV) has helped the courts in respecting the constitutional rights of offenders while at the same time avoiding causing further trauma to victims. The use of CCTV allows victims of abuse and assault, especially the young, to pr esent evidence without necessarily appearing in the same room with the accused. However, the CCTV has over the years been in use in interrogation rooms, in police cars, access points in government buildings etc to capture scenes which could be useful in conducting investigations. According to Pattavina, “Arguably the most valuable application of networking technology has led to integrated justice information systems.” Thus, time and money has been saved, quality of data improved, and timely, accurate access to information sharing ensured. Also police-community relations have been enhanced by use of effective websites in disseminating information. (Pattavina A 2005).Computer technologies enhance the ability of security agencies in uncovering wrong-doing, like underpaid tax by use of automated fingerprints. In a matter of a few minutes, an automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) computer can compare a new fingerprint with a vast file of prints and make identifications, previously only possible through a tedious manual process. Thus, a substantial increase in speed and accuracy is realized. There is also a considerable interest in using computer technologies to improve abilities to analyze and share the results of DNA tests. Linked photographic and telecommunications technologies are also being used to transmit prints to an AFIS. (Genetic.. 1990). DNA test evidence is authentic and used in serious cases like rape and other crimes.Use of Information Technology/System in CommunicationIn modern society, the traditional communication systems, are being complemented or integrated with support systems, expert systems and groupware, referring to technology supporting, for example, electronic mail, video-conferencing, mobile calling, and flexible command and control systems. It is more adequate today to speak of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), an advanced form of IT that incorporates more aspects, like     inter-organizational networking, outsourcing of activities, etcComputing and networking technology aides communication in many ways; use of e-mail, video conferencing which involves simulating and synchronizing communication to relay information, thus providing interpersonal communication with geographical constraints removed.   Also, there is intranet communication within the organization. There has been use of communication technology to access information, manipulate, transform, and exchange it. E-mail, instant messaging and other ICT tools had been designed originally for communication purposes, but eventually turned into information tools. All types of information can now be shared through the web including pictures, etc. There is, also, more and easier communication as the information technology and systems develop. This is evidenced by the influx of many social network sites, online games, video-sharing sites, and so on. (Harris 2008)From the above discussion, then it can be concluded that Information Techno logy and Systems is an important, integral part of the modern society, without which, life would seemingly be incomplete. From learning in schools to producing and distributing foods and other products, and other day-to-day activities, to more complicated activities, the use of information technology cannot be underestimated. The use of information technology stretches to even most-critical systems such as navigation systems, medical equipment and security systems.   This is in regard to the role it plays in almost all key aspects of life.   And this indicates that the extent of the use of information technology is unlimited and has no equal substitution.

Constructivism Theory Of Learning And Knowledge

Constructivism is one of the three learning theories developed to help explain the way children learn in the classroom. The scientist Jean Piaget and psychologist Lev Vygotsky were the theorists who developed constructivism. (Pass, 2004) Teachers today use these ideas, some use them at different times in their classrooms and others have used them combined into the same lesson. Constructivism can help students understand and retain the information they learn in the classroom. Piaget made detailed studies of cognition in children, these tests revealed that children have different cognitive abilities. According to Piaget, children are born with a very basic mental structure on where all learning and knowledge is based. Vygotsky believes that young children are actively involved in their own learning and the development of new understandings/schema. Vygotsky interpretation of interaction with peers is a good way to increase strategies and developing skills. Vygotsky came up with the id ea of the zone of proximal development. He suggests that teachers who use cooperative learning exercises with students who struggle in school, the students tend to do better with the zone of proximal development. Teachers assist students by constructing the way of learning in the classroom, a learning that will support them throughout school and in the student’s futures. Constructivism: Theory to better learning Theorists have made several studies on how children learn in the classroomShow MoreRelatedConstructivism : A Theory That All Learning Is Built On Previous Knowledge984 Words   |  4 PagesConstructivism is a theory that all learning is built on previous knowledge. In theory, when an individual discovers something new, they reference back to their previous experiences to compare and contrast. From there, we decide whether this information is relevant to us, or we choose to ignore the new knowledge. Constructivism is like a building with several floors. Anyone entering the building needs to start on the first floor and they can choose to take several different routes to get to theRead MoreConstructivism : A Cognitive Learning Theory1151 Words   |  5 Pages Constructivism: A Cognitive Learning Theory Erica Johnson Lourdes University â€Æ' Constructivism: A Cognitive Learning Theory According to Kivunja (2014), â€Å"a learning paradigm is a conceptual model that represents understanding of relationships involved in the learning process† (p.82). Cognitive learning theories were developed from the work of Gestalt psychologists during the early 1900’s (Billings Halstead, 2012). According to Billings Halstead (2012), â€Å"Gestalt psychologists believe peopleRead MoreConstructivism1400 Words   |  6 PagesConstructivism Learning Theory Constructivism learning theory is a philosophy which enhances students logical and conceptual growth. 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So, the constructivist learning theory says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the worldRead MoreConstructivism1479 Words   |  6 PagesConstructivism Essay Introduction In the past 40 years, education has been experiencing a revaluation. The aims of education have been changed because of the education theories, constructivism and behaviourism. According to educational theories, we discuss and compare behaviourism and constructivism in the views of knowledge, learning and instruction. The purpose of this academic essay is to discuss, reflect and conclude on two main educational theories, constructivism and behaviourismRead More1.Is There A Link Between Learning And Behaviour? How Might1559 Words   |  7 Pages1. Is there a link between learning and behaviour? How might it be explained? ‘Learning’ is typically used everyday all over the world, especially in education. 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The essayRead MoreEducational Technology Theories and Theorists Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagestraditional learning exists. The concept of incorporating technology with education is one that has gained widespread attention. Effective use of educational technology is critical to solving numerous educational challenges. Educational technology can help us meet the needs of a diverse learner population and better prepare our students for lifelong learning. Theories of Learning Theories of learning have a great influence on teaching and learning within our schools. They affect learning outcomesRead MoreConstructivism And Constructivism724 Words   |  3 PagesConstructivism is a type of method that has changed and continues to change with time. It has been stated that due to the fact of the ever-changing definition many have called the definition empty. According to Kretchmar (2017), â€Å"So many different definitions currently exist some scholars believe constructivism has been emptied of meaning altogether.† Sofie M. M. Loyens and David Gijbels (2008), defines constructivism as â€Å"the way in which people try to make sense of situations or, in other wordsRead MoreConstructivism And The Learning Theory1346 Words   |  6 PagesTransfer of Learning: Constructivism Constructivism is the learning theory that focuses on observation by acquiring data and thereafter reexamining, altering, and updating information to be useful in the present time. Humans process experiences, knowledge, and conception of life based on their impressions of their past. As individuals experience an unfamiliar event, they will attempt to integrate it with their knowledge and past, therefore replacing old outdated or incorrect data with new more pertinent

Japanese Economy Essay example - 1312 Words

Japanese Economy The Japanese economy is the second largest in the world, behind only the American economy. As such, its decade long downward slide has many lessons the American economy can learn from. The difference between the economies is one of degree, not type. Our own economy has been faltering of late, bringing fear of recession. The Japanese have been on that road for over ten years, and of late have been making aggressive moves towards a restructuring. This paper will look at the types of reforms planned in the Japanese economy, and more importantly if these reforms will be enough to pull a modern economy from the doldrums. The current state of the Japanese economy has much to do with a failure to adjust. In†¦show more content†¦The bank lowered already low interest rates to an effective rate of zero percent. In a familiar scenario, this has led to Japanese banks stampeding to get even more loans. The Central Bank of Japan sees this as but one step in their new, more aggressive stance. They are to be applauded for this, as it involves coupling the lower rate with economic packages designed to give Japanese firms a way to upgrade their devalued equipment, thus boosting industrial output. One package set a two-year deadline for major banks to dispose of their riskiest bad loans. These loans were taken out by the banks during the easy lending period of the mid-1980s. In the view of many economists, these loans are the very thing crippling the Japanese economy and holding the country back from a successful turn-around (The 21st Century Public Policy Institute, 1998). It seems that it would have been more appropriate for the Central Bank to hold prime rates at the previous level. This, combined with the deadline for repayment of the riskiest debt, may have been just what the economy needed to attain serious growth. 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Research Papers on Ready to Eat Food Free Essays

CRISES Paul Krugman, January 2010 As this is formally billed on this program as the Nobel lecture, I suppose that I’m expected to focus on the work for which I was honored with the prize. And yet †¦ proud as I am of the work I and many others did on increasing-returns trade and economic geography, given what is happening in the world – and given what I’ve largely been working on these past dozen years – that work is not uppermost in my mind. Fortunately, there’s an out. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Papers on Ready to Eat Food or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Nobel committee did cite another line of work that goes back to the first good paper I ever wrote: â€Å"A model of balance of payments crises†, published in 1979 but originally written while I was in still in grad school. When I’m in an expansive mood, I like to say that I invented currency crises – not the thing itself, which goes back to the invention of paper money, but the modern academic literature. And business has been good ever since. Now, most of what has gone wrong with the world these past two years has not taken the form of classic currency crises (though give it time – the Baltic nations, in particular, seem well positioned to follow in Argentina’s footsteps). But there are strong parallels between the kinds of crises we actually have been experiencing and what those of us in the currency crisis biz call â€Å"third-generation† crises. Both the similarities and the differences are, I think, illuminating. 1 So without further ado, let me launch into a discussion of currency crises, their relationship to financial crises in general, and what all of that tells us about current prospects. A history of violence The sudden implosion of world financial markets, trade, and industrial production in 2008 shocked many if not most economists. I think it’s fair to say, however, that international macroeconomists were less startled. That’s not to say that we predicted the crisis: speaking personally, I saw that we had a monstrous housing bubble and expected bad things as it deflated, but both the form and the scale of the collapse surprised me. What is true, however, is that international macroeconomists were aware, in a way those who focused mainly on domestic data were not, that the world economy has a history of violence. Drastic events – sudden speculative attacks that emerge out of a seemingly clear blue sky, abrupt economic implosions that slash real GDP by 5, 10, even 15 percent – are regular occurrences on the international scene. Let me illustrate the point with the figure below, which shows peak-to-trough declines in real GDP during â€Å"third generation† currency crises (a term I’ll explain in a little while). This list is close to, but not identical to, the Reinhart and Rogoff (2009) list of banking crises: as RR point out, crises often combine elements of several of their ideal types. What I’ve done in this case – in a poor man’s homage to Reinhart and Rogoff’s awesome data-collection effort – is scan the Total Economy Database for all cases of sharp GDP declines in high-and middle-income countries since 1950, then do some cursory historical research to ask whether they fit the profile of a third-generation crisis. 2 GDP declines in third-generation currency crises Mexico 1994 Korea 1997 Chile 1981 Malaysia 1997 Finland 1990 Thailand 1997 Indonesia 1997 Argentina 2002 5 10 15 20 A few observations: First of all, we’re talking huge declines here – Depression-level, in some cases. You can see why international macroeconomists were more attuned to the possibility of disaster than domestic macroeconomists: if you were looking only at US data, your idea of a really bad slump would be 1981-1982, when real GDP fell only 2. 3 percent. Second, if you know a bit about the history, you get a very strong sense of just how wrong conventional wisdom can be. Reinhart and Rogoff emphasize the â€Å"this time is different† syndrome, the way people wave off clear parallels to earlier crises. I’d go a bit further and argue that there’s a strong â€Å"pride goeth before a fall† syndrome. In many if not all of these cases, the country in question was everybody’s darling just before the disaster. Chile was a showpiece for Chicago School policies in action. I remember personally the enormous optimism about Mexico on the eve of the tequila crisis; I was very unpopular at a 1993 meeting of investors where I raised some questions about prospects. Argentina’s currency board was lionized by the Cato Institute, the Wall Street Journal editorial page, and so forth. The countries caught up in the East Asian crisis were the subject of glowing reports, including a major World Bank study. 3 After the fact, of course, everybody saw many flaws in each afflicted country’s economic model – just as everyone now sees the rottenness of the U. S. financial system, a system that was being praised just yesterday as one of the wonders of the world. Finally, note that half my examples are from the late-90s East Asian crisis. That crisis had a profound effect on some of us. Nouriel Roubini was transformed from a mild-mannered macroeconomist into Doctor Doom. I lost my faith in the healing powers of central bankers, and wrote the original edition of The Return of Depression Economics. In essence, the East Asian crisis awakened us to the fact that there were more dangers in the world economy than were dreamt of in textbook macro. But what were these dangers, anyway? Generat(ion)ing crisis All crises are divided into three parts. OK, maybe not. But the currency risis literature has evolved in three â€Å"generations†, successive accounts of what can cause sudden speculative attacks on currencies. First-generation models began, at least in my mind, with wise words from the governor of the Bank of Portugal. Back in 1976, a group of MIT graduate students was working at the Bank, thanks to a personal connection between the governor and Dick Eckaus. Portugal at the time was 4 a bit of a crazy place, still suffering from the mild chaos that followed the overthrow of the dictatorship the year before. The economy had stabilized after an initial slump, but the currency was under pressure, with reserves rapidly dwindling. It turned out later that most of the reserve loss was due to foreign exchange hoarding by commercial banks – which was kind of funny, since at the time those banks were state –owned. But in any case, the governor made a remark that intrigued me: â€Å"When I have six months of reserves,† he said, â€Å"I will have no reserves. † What he meant was that once reserves dropped below some critical level, there would be a run on the currency that would quickly exhaust whatever was left. There were already economic models like this, albeit of very recent vintage – and not exactly about foreign exchange. Notably, Salant and Henderson (1978, but circulated as a working paper in 1976), in an analysis of gold prices, devoted part of their paper to attempts to stabilize gold prices with stockpiles. They showed that an unsustainable stabilization scheme would eventually collapse in a speculative run that quickly exhausted the remaining stock, which is more or less what happened in March 1968. I realized that this was in effect what Silva Lopes had been saying about the escudo. Translating that insight into a fully-specified model was a bit tricky. Krugman (1979) was more complicated than it should have been; it took the work of Flood and Garber (1984) to get it in comprehensible form. But the result was a highly suggestive analysis of speculative attacks on fixed exchange rates. 5 But there were problems with that analysis. Some complained about the asymmetry between super smart speculators and super stupid governments. More compelling, in my view, was the fact that the story didn’t seem to fit very well with what actually happened in many currency crises, especially in advanced countries. For example, neither the sterling crisis of 1931 nor that of 1992 seemed to be mainly about dwindling foreign exchange reserves. Instead, both seemed to be about governments who found that their commitment to a fixed exchange rate was interfering with attempts to achieve domestic objectives, especially full employment. When speculators began to bet on an abandonment of the currency peg to deal with pressing domestic concerns, spiking interest rates sharply increased the cost of defending that peg – hence, a crisis, with speculators in effect forcing the government’s hand. In an influential survey of evidence from the 1992-1993 European crisis, of which the fall of sterling was one component, Eichengreen, Rose, and Wyplosz (1995) coined the term â€Å"secondgeneration models† to describe models that tried to capture this quite different kind of crisis dynamics. The most influential modeling came from Obstfeld (1994), who showed that this kind of analysis strongly suggested the possibility of multiple equilibria: countries in a vulnerable state could experience a currency crisis whenever investors believed that such a crisis was imminent, or for that matter believed that other investors believed in a crisis. But two generations of crisis theory, it turned out, were not enough. Second-generation crisis models suggested that succumbing to a speculative attack should be good for employment and GDP: no longer constrained by the exchange rate commitment, a government would be free to 6 expand demand. That is, in fact, what happened in the aftermath of the two sterling crises, 60 years apart: I used to joke that Britain should erect a statue of George Soros in Trafalgar Square, to thank him for getting the UK out of the ERM. But it’s not what happened to Mexico after the tequila crisis, or the East Asian economies after the crises of 1997, or Argentina after the collapse of convertibility in 2002. In all these cases the collapse of a fixed rate under speculative attack was followed by a severe contraction in the real economy. Hence the development of third-generation models. These models – e. g. Krugman (1999), Aghion et al (2001), Chang and Velasco (1999) – emphasized private-sector balance sheets, especially firms or banks with foreign-currency debt. The key argument was that a currency depreciation set off by speculative attack would sharply worsen balance sheets, as the domesticcurrency value of foreign-currency debt rose. This in turn would damage the economy, e. g. by depressing investment, which would feed back into further currency depreciation, and so on. Some models stressed the possibility of multiple equilibria, but even without such multiplicity there was the clear possibility of disproportionate depreciation and output decline from an adverse shock, including the end of a bubble financed by foreign capital. Or to put it a different way, what happens in a third-generation currency crisis is a vicious circle of deleveraging. Hence the severe cost to the real economy. One question you might ask is whether this diagnosis is all ex-post rationalization. Did the theory of third-generation currency crises actually succeed in predicting any crises? The answer is yes: Argentina, which, alas, played out exactly as expected. 7 Before I proceed to the relationship between currency crises and the financial crises that have afflicted all of us recently, let me briefly ighlight two policy issues that arise in the context of third-generation crises. First, does this analysis argue that troubled economies with large foreign-currency debt should avoid currency depreciation? This is a highly relevant question right now for the Baltics, which, as I’ve already mentioned, are currently in a situation highly reminiscent of Argentina’s position just before the collapse. It might seem, given the a ccount I’ve just provided, that Latvia or Estonia should do anything possible to avoid devaluation. But that’s not right. Suppose that the underlying problem is a level of prices and wages that makes your production uncompetitive – typically the consequence of an earlier period of excessive capital inflows. Then what must happen, sooner or later, is a decline in prices and wages relative to those in your trading partners – a real depreciation. This can happen through nominal currency depreciation – but this has the unpleasant consequence that the real value of foreign currency debt will rise, creating a deleveraging crisis. Unfortunately, the alternative is worse. Real depreciation without nominal depreciation must take place through deflation. And this means that the real value of all debt, not just foreigncurrency debt, rises. So the deleveraging crisis will be even worse if you don’t depreciate. 8 A second issue concerns the role of capital mobility. Clearly, substantial capital mobility is a prerequisite for third-generation crises, which can’t happen unless you’ve already run up a large foreign-currency debt. And in the crisis, it’s capital flight that leads to the large depreciation that in turn worsens balance sheets. So there is a clear case for temporary capital controls – a sort of curfew on capital flight – in the heat of a third-generation currency crisis. But what does all this have to do with the current problems of the United States and other advanced countries? Deleveraging crises: similarities and differences In the movie The Longest Day there’s a scene involving a German general who is first shown preparing for a war game in which he will play the American commander. He tells his aide that he plans to surprise everyone by landing, not at Calais, but in Normandy – but not to worry, the Americans would never do that. Then, when the invasion begins, he mutters, â€Å"Normandy! How stupid of me! † Now you know how some of us felt as the current crisis unfolded. By 2006, huge U. S. urrent account deficits suggested that the dollar would have to fall eventually, and the fact that U. S. real interest rates weren’t significantly higher than rates in other major economies suggested that markets weren’t taking that fact into account. So there was reason to expect a Wile E. Coyote moment – a moment of sudden realization – leading to a 9 sudden dollar fall. But U. S. external debt, although large, is overwhelmingly dollar-denominated. So America didn’t seem vulnerable to a third-generation currency crisis. No worries, then, right? Yet the logic of the models should have suggested that there were, in fact, reasons to worry. After all, a vicious circle of deleveraging could arise as easily on the asset side as on the liability side, as noted in Krugman (2002). It should have been easy to put the evidence of a mammoth housing bubble together with the concepts of third-generation crisis theory to see how a nasty deleveraging cycle could occur without the â€Å"original sin† of dependence on foreign-currency debt. Sadly, almost nobody – certainly not yours truly – put the pieces together. Even those of us who diagnosed that housing bubble correctly failed to foresee the financial implosion that would follow. Normandy! How stupid of me! But now it has happened. How does the crisis we have actually stumbled into compare with a currency crisis, both in terms of outlook and in terms of the policy response? One difference one might have expected to be important is the role of monetary policy. The normal front line of defense against recession involves cutting interest rates. For a country facing a currency crisis, however, that defense is of ambiguous value: cutting rates may help domestic demand, but it may also weaken the currency, intensifying the vicious circle. For a country facing an asset-side deleveraging spiral, however, interest rate reductions are all good: in 10 addition to their usual effects, they support asset prices and help balance sheets. So you might have expected central banks to be very effective in fighting asset-price-driven deleveraging. In reality, however, the monetary line of defense was quickly overrun: reductions in policy rates quickly ran up against the zero lower bound, and that was that, at least as far as conventional monetary policy was concerned. We should have seen this coming: Krugman (2002) laid it all out, but nobody – the author included – took the message to heart. Meanwhile, there’s another difference between currency crises and asset-side crises that makes the latter look worse: namely, the fact that asset-price deflation, unlike currency depreciation, has no indirect stimulative effect on the economy. As Calvo et al (2006) have stressed, financial crises in emerging markets are often followed by â€Å"phoenix-like† recoveries, with the downturn giving way to very rapid growth. Key to these recoveries is the fact that a severely depreciated currency makes exports extremely competitive, leading to a large positive swing in the trade balance. As with the output declines associated with third-generation crises, the violence of these turnarounds is startling to economists accustomed to the tameness of U. S. data. The figure below shows the â€Å"current account reversal† for each of the cases shown at the beginning of this paper – that is, the extent of the swing from current account deficit on the eve of the crisis to the maximum current account surplus following the crisis. 1 Current account reversal as % of GDP 0 Mexico 1994 Korea 1997 Chile 1981 Malaysia 1997 Finland 1990 Thailand 1997 Indonesia 1997 Argentina 2002 5 10 15 20 25 These are awesomely large swings. In part, no doubt, they were due to the import-compressing effect of recession. But mostly they represent a gain in competitiveness due to plunging currencies. Plunging prices of house s and CDOs, unfortunately, don’t produce any corresponding macroeconomic silver lining. This suggests that we’re unlikely to see a phoenix-like recovery from the current slump. How long should recovery be expected to take? Well, there aren’t many useful historical models. But the example that comes closest to the situation facing the United States today is that of Japan after its late-80s bubble burst, leaving serious debt problems behind. And a maximum-likelihood estimate of how long it will take to recover, based on the Japanese example, is †¦ forever. OK, strictly speaking it’s 18 years, since that’s how long it has been since the Japanese bubble burst, and Japan has never really escaped from its deflationary trap. 2 This line of thought explains why I’m skeptical about the optimism that’s widespread right now about recovery prospects. The main argument behind this optimism seems to be that in the past, big downturns in the world’s major economies have been followed by fast recoveries. But past downturns had very different causes, and there’s no good reason to regard them as good precedents. Living in a crisis-ridden world Looking back at U. S. commentary on past currency crises, what’s striking is the combination of moralizing and complacency. Other countries had crises because they did it wrong; we weren’t going to have one because we do it right. As I’ve stressed, however, crises often – perhaps usually – happen to countries with great press. They’re only reclassified as sinners and deadbeats after things go wrong. And so it has proved for us, too. And despite the praise being handed out to those who helped us avoid the worst, we are not handling the crisis well: fiscal stimulus has been inadequate, financial support has contained the damage but not restored a healthy banking system. All indications are that we’re going to have seriously depressed output for years to come. It’s what I feared/predicted in that 2001 paper: â€Å"[I]ntellectually consistent solutions to a domestic financial crisis of this type, like solutions to a third-generation currency crisis, are likely to seem too radical to be implemented in practice. And partial measures are likely to fail. † 13 Maybe policymakers will become wiser in the future. Maybe financial reform will reduce the occurrence of crises: major financial crises were much rarer between the end of World War II and the rise of financial deregulation after 1980 than they were before or since. Meanwhile, however, the fact is that the economic world is a surprisingly dangerous place. REFERENCES Aghion, Philippe, Philippe Bacchetta, and Abhijit Banerjee, 2000, â€Å"Currency Crises and Monetary Policy with Credit Constraints† (unpublished; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University). Chang, Roberto and Andres Velasco 1999, â€Å"Liquidity Crises in Emerging Markets: Theory and Policy,† NBER Working Paper No. 7272. Eichengreen, Barry, Rose, Andrew, Wyplosz, Charles and Dumas, Bernard, â€Å"Exchange Market Mayhem: The Antecedents and Aftermath of Speculative Attacks†, Economic Policy, October. Flood, Robert, and Peter Garber 1984, â€Å"Collapsing Exchange Rate Regimes: Some Linear Examples,† Journal of International Economics, Vol. 17, pp. 1–13. Krugman, Paul, 1979, â€Å"A Model of Balance of Payments Crises,† Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 11, pp. 311-325. Krugman, Paul, 1999, â€Å"Balance Sheets, The Transfer Problem, and Financial Crises,† in Flood, Robert, Isard, Peter, Razin, Assaf, and Rose, Andrew, eds. , International finance and financial crises: essays in honor of Robert P . Flood, Jr. , Kluwer. Krugman, Paul 2002, â€Å"Crises: the next generation† in Assaf Razin, Elhanan Helpman, and Efraim Sadka, eds. , Economic policy in the international economy: essays in honor of Assaf Razin, Cambridge. Obstfeld, Maurice; 1994, â€Å"The Logic of Currency Crises,† Cahiers Economiques et Monetaires, Bank of France, Vol. 43, pp. 189-213. Reinhart, Carmen and Rogoff, Kenneth 2009, This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly, Princeton. Salant, Stephen and Henderson, Dale 1978, â€Å"Market Anticipations of Government Policies and the Price of Gold†, Journal of Political Economy 14 How to cite Research Papers on Ready to Eat Food, Essays

Blakes Songs Of Innocence And Experience Essay Example For Students

Blakes Songs Of Innocence And Experience Essay Blakes Songs Of Innocence And ExperienceIn William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience, the gentle lamb and thedire tiger define childhood by setting a contrast between the innocence of youthand the experience of age. The Lamb is written with childish repetitions and aselection of words which could satisfy any audience under the age of five. Blakeapplies the lamb in representation of youthful immaculateness. The Tyger ishard-featured in comparison to The Lamb, in respect to word choice andrepresentation. The Tyger is a poem in which the author makes many inquiries,almost chantlike in their reiterations. The question at hand: could the samecreator have made both the tiger and the lamb? For William Blake, the answer isa frightening one. The Romantic Periods affinity towards childhood isepitomized in the poetry of Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience. Little Lamb who made thee/ Dost thou know who made thee (Blake 1-2).The Lambs introductory lines set the style for what follows: an innocent poemabout a amiable lamb and its creator. It is divided into two stanzas, thefirst containing questions of whom it was who created such a docile creaturewith clothing of delight (Blake 6). There are images of the lambfrolicking in divine meadows and babbling brooks. The stanza closes with thesame inquiry which it began with. The second stanza begins with the authorclaiming to know the lambs creator, and he proclaims that he will tell him. Blake then states that the lambs creator is none different then the lambitself. Jesus Christ is often described as a lamb, and Blake uses lines such ashe is meek and he is mild (Blake 15) to accomplish this. Blake thenmakes it clear that the poems point of view is from that of a child, when hesays I a child and thou a lamb (Blake 17). The poem is one of achilds curiosity, untainted conception of creation, and love of all thingscelestial. The Lambs nearly polar opposite is The Tyger. Its thedifference between a feel-good minister waxing warm and fuzzy for Jesus, and afiery evangelist preaching a hellfire sermon. Instead of the innocent lamb wenow have the frightful tiger- the emblem of nature red in tooth and claw- thatembodies experience. William Blakes words have turned from heavenly tohellish in the transition from lamb to tiger. Burnt the fire of thine eye(Blake 6), and What the hand dare seize the fire (Blake 7)?are examples of how somber and serrated his language is in this poem . No longeris the author asking about origins, but is now asking if he who made theinnocuous lamb was capable of making such a dreadful beast. Experience asksquestions unlike those of innocence. Innocence is why and how? whileexperience is why and how do things go wrong, and why me? Innocenceis ignorance, and ignorance is, as they say, bliss. Innocence has not yetexperienced fiery tigers in its existence, but when it does, it wants to knowhow lambs and tigers are supposed to co-exist. The poem begins with Couldframe thy fearful symmetry (Blake 4)? and ends with Dare frame thyfearful symmetry (Blake 11)? This is important because when the authorinitially poses the question, he wants to know who has the ability to make sucha creature. After more interrogation, the question evolves to who couldcreate such a villain of its potential wrath, and why? William Blakesimplied answer is God. In the poems, innocence is exhilaration andgrace, contrasting with experience which is ill-favored and formidable. .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .postImageUrl , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:hover , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:visited , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:active { border:0!important; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:active , .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u432d85ebfb9a409d8539527198cf3d6b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pakistan EssayAccording to Blake, God created all creatures, some in his image and others inhis antithesis. The Lamb is written in the frame of mind of a Romantic, and TheTyger sets a divergent Hadean image to make the former more holy. The Lamb, fromWilliam Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience is a befittingrepresentation of the purity of heart in childhood, which was the Romanticperiod. BibliographyBlake, William. Songs of Innocence and Experience, The Tyger and The Lamb. The Longman Anthology of British Literature . Ed. David Damrosch. New York:Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. 1999. 112, 120.